Korean Civil Act (민법) — Type-Level Stratified Deontic Encoding

Coverage Summary

총칙 (General Provisions)

Module              Articles   Act Type              Layers                              Pattern
──────────────────  ─────────  ────────────────────  ──────────────────────────────────  ─────────────────────────
Persons             §5         MinorAct              '[Proviso, Base]                    단서 override
Acts                §103-110   JuristicAct           '[SpecialRule, Proviso, Base]       3-layer stack
                    §108       ShamAct               '[Proviso, Base]                    제3자 보호 (proviso)
                    §109       MistakeAct            '[Proviso, Base]                    중과실 방어 (proviso)
                    §110       FraudAct              '[Proviso, Base]                    제3자 사기 (proviso)
Agency              §114,§118  AuthAgencyAct         '[Proviso, Base]                    자기계약 금지
                    §125-132   UnauthAgencyAct       '[ApparentAuth, Ratification, Base] 표현대리·추인
Rescission          §146       RescissionAct         '[Base]                             제척기간 (3년/10년, §157 역산)
AgencyRemedies     §134-135   AgencyWithdrawalAct   '[CounterpartyKnowledge, Base]       상대방 악의 면책
                              AgentLiabilityAct     '[Proviso, Base]                     대리인 면책
Invalidity         §137-139   PartialInvalidityAct  '[Conversion, HypotheticalIntent, Base] 일부무효·전환·추인
Cancellation       §141-145   CancellableAct        '[ConstructiveRatification, GeneralRatification, Base] wrapper pattern
ConditionalAct     §147-152   ConditionalAct        '[BadFaithCondition, IllegalCondition, Base] 정지/해제조건·시기/종기

물권법 (Property Law)

Module              Articles   Act Type              Layers                              Pattern
──────────────────  ─────────  ────────────────────  ──────────────────────────────────  ─────────────────────────
Possession          §197,§200  PossessionAct         '[Rebuttal, Presumption]            반증에 의한 추정 번복
PropertyTransfer    §186-188   PropertyTransferAct   '[FormException, Base]              등기/인도 + §187 예외
CoOwnership         §264       CoOwnershipAct        '[Base]                             전원 동의 (∀ quantification)
AcqPrescription     §245       AcqPrescriptionAct    '[ShortPrescription, Base]          20년/10년 (§157 역산)

채권 총론 (General Obligations)

Module              Articles   Act Type              Layers                              Pattern
──────────────────  ─────────  ────────────────────  ──────────────────────────────────  ─────────────────────────
Prescription        §162-174   PrescriptionAct       '[Interruption, Expiration]         시효만료 + 중단 (§157 역산)
DefaultObligation   §387-390   DefaultAct            '[CreditorDefense, Base]            이행지체·불능 + 채권자과실

채권 각론 (Specific Obligations)

Module              Articles   Act Type              Layers                              Pattern
──────────────────  ─────────  ────────────────────  ──────────────────────────────────  ─────────────────────────
SaleWarranty        §580-582   WarrantyAct           '[BuyerKnowledge, Base]             하자담보 + 매수인 악의 면책
Lease               §618-640   LeaseAct              '[RenewalRight, Base]               묵시적 갱신 + 2기 연체 해지

불법행위 (Torts)

Module              Articles   Act Type              Layers                              Pattern
──────────────────  ─────────  ────────────────────  ──────────────────────────────────  ─────────────────────────
Tort                §750,§396  TortAct               '[ContributoryNeg, Base]            4요건 + 과실상계

Defeasibility Patterns Used

• 단서 override — Proviso layer overrides Base when exception applies (§5①)
• 3-layer stack — SpecialRule > Proviso > Base for graduated defeasibility (§103-107)
• Rebuttable presumption — Presumption (default Valid) + Rebuttal override; absence = delegation (§197)
• Lex specialis — FormException overrides general formality rule (§187 vs §186)
• Temporal reasoning — Day dates with addGregorianYearsClip per §157 역산 (§146, §162, §245)
• Universal quantification — all over owners list in instance body (§264)
• Verdict-conditional override — override fires only when verdict prev == Void (§390, §396, §580②)
• Multi-condition override — conjunction of several facts required (§639 묵시적 갱신)
• Wrapper pattern — CancellableAct takes prior Verdict as input, applies meta-rules (§141-§145)
• Deemed fulfillment — bad faith re-evaluates condition state via recursive query (§150)

Fact Type Strategy

• Set CivilFact — for boolean/flag-based facts (§5, §103-110, §114-132, §186-188, §197-200)
• Domain records — stored in DMap DomainKey Identity (from dependent-map), keyed by DomainKey GADT: PrescriptionFacts, RescissionFacts, AcqPrescFacts, DefaultFacts, WarrantyFacts, LeaseFacts, CoOwnershipFacts, TortFacts, PartialInvalidityFacts, CancellationFacts, ConditionalFacts

Test Coverage

203 tests across unit tests (per-module), case studies (multi-issue disputes), and real-case tests (based on 대법원 판례).